Analysis of small network equipment like routers and modems finds that these devices together in a household consume about as much energy as a new flat-screen television. On a nationwide basis, these devices consume 8.3 billion kilowatt-hours a year — more than the consumption of every home in Silicon Valley. Small network equipment in America’s homes consumed more than $1 billion worth of electricity in 2012, equivalent to the output of three large (500 MW) coal-fired power plants. This resulted in 5 million metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions, which represents the annual tailpipe emissions of 1.1 million vehicles.