Paper is the third highest energy-consuming industry subsector in the United States, behind (1) petroleum and coal products and (2) chemicals (U.S. DOE/EIA 2013). The paper industry accounted for 5 percent of industrial CO2 equivalent emissions in 2010, a lower share than other energy intensive manufacturing sectors largely due to extensive use of wood-based fuels (U.S. DOE/EIA 2012a).